simon2068 2008-4-15 10:56
Perl语言入门(第四版).pdf
中文pdf版电子书下载 对初学Perl语言的朋友很有帮助 希望《Perl语言入门(第四版) 》对大家有所帮助
yuningzhang 2008-4-19 15:40
终于等到了，非常感谢：P
CMStruggling 2008-4-29 19:32
非常不错，
最近也挺想学学这个的，一直挺忙的，没有多少时间！
有时间真得好好学习下了！
感谢楼主分享！！
::em71::
chengc 2008-5-4 10:02
需要学习一下
原来的CQ库都是别人配置的，现在那位前辈离职了，CQ出现了问题，不会看也不会改脚本呐！
确实需要恶补一下Perl和Basic，多谢贡献呐！
Jessie 2008-5-5 18:20
东东太好了，很有用。非常感谢。
谢谢搂主，东西太好了，对于刚学习perl 的人很受益。若没有楼主提供这样好的资料，还真不知道从何学起呢。我之前从事测试及配置管理，如今主要精力在配置管理。为了实现autobuild ，需要学习perl ，将来编写脚本。正在着急时，看到了楼主的资料。太谢谢了。：）
xuyanli 2008-5-13 15:55
现在不专职做配置管理了，但是还想多学写配置管理的东西，以后可以转配置管理，呵呵，听说先有开发经验再转配置管理，比较容易。谢谢楼主的好书 了，一定多多学习，楼上的都说入门很好，就开始入门了
lovely 2008-5-16 14:12
Thanks!
谢谢楼主!找了好几天了,关于perl的资料,十分感谢!
nana001 2008-6-4 12:59
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CMStruggling 2008-11-29 16:33
[size=5][color=Red]目录[/color][/size]
前言： .................................................................................................................................................................................................8
第一章概述..............................................................................................................................................................................................9
1．1 问题和解答....................................................................................................................................................................................9
1．1．1 本书适合你吗？ .......................................................................................................................................................................................9
1．1．2 为什么如此多的脚注？............................................................................................................................................................................9
1．1．3 练习题和解答呢？ .................................................................................................................................................................................10
1．1．4 习题前的数字是什么意思？.................................................................................................................................................................. 10
1．1．5 如果我是Perl 教师，怎么办呢？ .........................................................................................................................................................10
1．2 Perl 代表什么？ ....................................................................................................................................................................... 11
1．2．1 Larry 为什么发明Perl？......................................................................................................................................................................11
1．2．2 为什么Larry 不采用别的语言？........................................................................................................................................................... 11
1．2．3 Perl 容易学习吗？................................................................................................................................................................................... 12
1．2．4 Perl 为什么如此流行？...........................................................................................................................................................................13
1．2．5 Perl 正在发生怎样的事情？...................................................................................................................................................................13
1．2．6 Perl 擅长什么？....................................................................................................................................................................................... 13
1．2．7 Perl 不擅长什么？................................................................................................................................................................................... 14
1．3 怎样获得Perl？ .........................................................................................................................................................................14
1．3．1 什么CPAN？.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 14
1．3．2 怎样获得支持？ .....................................................................................................................................................................................15
1．3．3 有其它的支持吗？ .................................................................................................................................................................................15
1．3．4 当发现Perl 中有错误时，该怎么办？ .................................................................................................................................................16
1．4 怎样才能写一个Perl 程序？.....................................................................................................................................................16
1．4．1 一个简单的例子.....................................................................................................................................................................................17
1．4．2 这个程序有些什么？ ............................................................................................................................................................................. 18
1．4．3 怎样编译Perl？....................................................................................................................................................................................... 19
1．5 快速了解Perl .............................................................................................................................................................................19
1．6 第六节练习................................................................................................................................................................................20
第二章标量数据......................................................................................................................................................................................21
2．1 数字............................................................................................................................................................................................. 21
2．1．1 所有数字内部的格式一致.......................................................................................................................................................................21
2．1．2 浮点数..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 21
2．1．3 整数......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 22
2．1．4 非十进制整数.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 22
2．1．5 数字操作符.............................................................................................................................................................................................. 23
2．2 字符串......................................................................................................................................................................................... 23
2．2．1 单引号字符串.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 24
2．2．2 双引号字符串.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 24
2．3．3 字符串操作符.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 25
2．2．4 数字和字符串之间的自动转换............................................................................................................................................................... 26
2．3 Perl 内嵌的警告(warnings)......................................................................................................................................................... 26
Perl 语言入门(第四版)
[email]blei@163.com[/email] 3 / 201 9/21/2006
2．4 标量变量.....................................................................................................................................................................................27
2．4．1 选择好的变量名......................................................................................................................................................................................28
2．4．2 标量赋值.................................................................................................................................................................................................. 28
2．4．3 二元赋值操作符.....................................................................................................................................................................................29
2．5 print 输出.....................................................................................................................................................................................29
2．5．1 字符串中标量变量的内插.......................................................................................................................................................................30
2．5．2 操作符优先级和结合性...........................................................................................................................................................................31
2．5．3 比较运算符.............................................................................................................................................................................................. 32
2．6 if 控制结构...................................................................................................................................................................................33
2．6．Boolean 值...................................................................................................................................................................................................33
2．7 用户输入.....................................................................................................................................................................................34
2．8 chomp操作...................................................................................................................................................................................35
2．9 while 控制结构.............................................................................................................................................................................35
2．10 undef 值......................................................................................................................................................................................36
2．1．1 defined 函数...........................................................................................................................................................................37
2．1．2 练习.......................................................................................................................................................................................37
第三章列表和数组..................................................................................................................................................................................38
3．1 访问数组元素.............................................................................................................................................................................39
3．2 特殊的数组索引.........................................................................................................................................................................39
3．3 列表..............................................................................................................................................................................................40
3．3．1 qw 简写...................................................................................................................................................................................................41
3．4 列表赋值.....................................................................................................................................................................................42
3．4．1 pop 和push 操作......................................................................................................................................................................................43
3．4．2 shift 和unshift 操作.................................................................................................................................................................................44
3．5 将数组插入字符串...................................................................................................................................................................... 44
3．6 foreach 控制结构.........................................................................................................................................................................45
3．6．1 Perl 最常用的默认变量：$_...................................................................................................................................................................46
3．6．2 reverse 操作.............................................................................................................................................................................................. 46
3．6．3 sort 操作...................................................................................................................................................................................................47
3．7 标量和列表上下文...................................................................................................................................................................... 47
3．7．1 在标量Context 中使用List-Producing 表达式......................................................................................................................................48
3．7．2 在列表Context 中使用Scalar-Producing 表达式...................................................................................................................................50
3．7．3 强制转换为标量Context ........................................................................................................................................................................ 50
3．8<STDIN>在列表Context 中......................................................................................................................................................... 50
3．9 练习............................................................................................................................................................................................. 51
第四章子程序..........................................................................................................................................................................................53
4．1 定义一个子程序.........................................................................................................................................................................53
4．2 调用子程序.................................................................................................................................................................................54
4．3 返回值......................................................................................................................................................................................... 54
4．4 参数(Arguments) .........................................................................................................................................................................56
4．5 子程序中的私有变量.................................................................................................................................................................57
4．6 参数列表的长度.......................................................................................................................................................................... 57
4．6．1 更好的&max 程序..................................................................................................................................................................................58
4．6．2 空参数列表.............................................................................................................................................................................................. 59
Perl 语言入门(第四版)
[email]blei@163.com[/email] 4 / 201 9/21/2006
4．7my 变量的注释..............................................................................................................................................................................59
4．8 使用strict Pragma .......................................................................................................................................................................60
4．9 返回操作.....................................................................................................................................................................................61
4．9．1 省略符号&.............................................................................................................................................................................................. 62
4．10 非标量返回值...........................................................................................................................................................................63
4．11 练习............................................................................................................................................................................................64
第五章输入与输出..................................................................................................................................................................................65
5．1 从标准输入设备输入.................................................................................................................................................................. 65
5．2 从<>输入.....................................................................................................................................................................................66
5．3 调用参数......................................................................................................................................................................................68
5．4 输出到标准输出设备.................................................................................................................................................................. 69
5．5 使用printf 格式化输出................................................................................................................................................................ 71
5.5.1 数组和printf ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 72
5．6 句柄..............................................................................................................................................................................................73
5．7 文件句柄的打开.......................................................................................................................................................................... 74
5．7．1 Bad 文件句柄........................................................................................................................................................................................... 76
5．7．2 关闭文件句柄.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 76
5．8 严重错误和die ...........................................................................................................................................................................77
5．8．1 警告信息和warn .................................................................................................................................................................................... 78
5．9 使用文件句柄..............................................................................................................................................................................78
5．9．1 改变默认的输出句柄..............................................................................................................................................................................79
5．10 重新打开文件句柄...................................................................................................................................................................79
5．11 练习........................................................................................................................................................................................... 80
第六章哈希........................................................................................................................................................................................... 81
6．1 什么是哈希？ ..............................................................................................................................................................................81
6．1．1 为什么使用Hash? ..................................................................................................................................................................................82
6．2 哈希元素的存取.......................................................................................................................................................................... 84
6．2．1 作为整体的hash ......................................................................................................................................................................................85
6．2．2 Hash 赋值................................................................................................................................................................................................86
6．2．3 大箭头符号（=>）.................................................................................................................................................................................87
6．3 哈希函数......................................................................................................................................................................................87
6．3．1 keys 和values 函数..................................................................................................................................................................................87
6．3．2 each 函数.................................................................................................................................................................................................. 88
6．4 哈希的通常用法.......................................................................................................................................................................... 89
6．4．1 exists 函数................................................................................................................................................................................................90
6．4．2 delete 函数................................................................................................................................................................................................90
6．4．3 hash 元素的内插......................................................................................................................................................................................90
6．5 练习..............................................................................................................................................................................................91
第七章正则表达式..................................................................................................................................................................................92
7．1 什么是正则表达式？ .................................................................................................................................................................. 92
7．2 使用简单的模式.......................................................................................................................................................................... 93
7．2．1 元字符..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 93
7．2．2 简单的量词.............................................................................................................................................................................................94
7．2．3 模式中的分组.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 94
Perl 语言入门(第四版)
[email]blei@163.com[/email] 5 / 201 9/21/2006
7．2．4 选择符..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 94
7．3 字符类..........................................................................................................................................................................................95
7．3．1 字符类的简写.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 95
7．3．2 简写形式的补集.....................................................................................................................................................................................96
7．4 练习..............................................................................................................................................................................................96
第八章正则表达式的应用...................................................................................................................................................................... 98
8．1 使用m//匹配...............................................................................................................................................................................98
8．2 可选的修饰符..............................................................................................................................................................................98
8．2．1 不区分大小写：/i .................................................................................................................................................................................... 98
8．2．2 匹配任何字符：/s.................................................................................................................................................................................... 99
8．2．3 添加空格：/x........................................................................................................................................................................................... 99
8．2．4 将可选字符结合起来...........................................................................................................................................................................100
8．2．5 其它选项................................................................................................................................................................................................100
8．3 锚定............................................................................................................................................................................................100
8．3．1 词锚定...................................................................................................................................................................................................101
8．4 绑定操作符，=~ .......................................................................................................................................................................101
8．5 模式内的内插...........................................................................................................................................................................102
8．6 匹配变量...................................................................................................................................................................................103
8．6．1 内存值的保存.......................................................................................................................................................................................104
8．6．2 自动匹配变量........................................................................................................................................................................................105
8．7 一般的数量词............................................................................................................................................................................ 106
8．8 优先级........................................................................................................................................................................................106
8．8．1 优先级练习............................................................................................................................................................................................107
8．8．2 更多........................................................................................................................................................................................................107
8．9 模式测试程序...........................................................................................................................................................................107
8．10 练习..........................................................................................................................................................................................108
第九章使用正则表达式处理文件........................................................................................................................................................109
9．1 使用s///进行替换...................................................................................................................................................................... 109
9．1．1 使用/g 进行全局替换............................................................................................................................................................................ 110
9．1．2 不同的分隔符........................................................................................................................................................................................ 110
9．1．3 可选的修饰符....................................................................................................................................................................................... 111
9．1．4 绑定操作............................................................................................................................................................................................... 111
9．1．5 大小写转换............................................................................................................................................................................................ 111
9．2split 操作..................................................................................................................................................................................... 112
9．3join 函数...................................................................................................................................................................................... 113
9．4 列表上下文中的m// ................................................................................................................................................................. 114
9．5 更强大的正则表达式................................................................................................................................................................ 114
9．5．1 非贪婪的数量词.................................................................................................................................................................................... 115
9．5．2 匹配多行文本....................................................................................................................................................................................... 116
9．5．3 更新大量文件........................................................................................................................................................................................ 117
9．5．4 在命令行中进行修改........................................................................................................................................................................... 119
9．5．5 非捕捉用的括号...................................................................................................................................................................................120
9．6 练习............................................................................................................................................................................................121
第十章更多控制结构............................................................................................................................................................................ 122
Perl 语言入门(第四版)
[email]blei@163.com[/email] 6 / 201 9/21/2006
10．1unless 控制结构........................................................................................................................................................................ 122
10．1．1unless 和else 语句一起使用................................................................................................................................................................122
10．2until控制结构...........................................................................................................................................................................123
10．3 表达式修饰符.......................................................................................................................................................................... 123
10．4The Naked Block 控制结构....................................................................................................................................................... 125
10．5 elsif 语句...................................................................................................................................................................................126
10．6 自增和自减..............................................................................................................................................................................126
10．6．1 自动增量的值......................................................................................................................................................................................127
10．7for 控制结构..............................................................................................................................................................................128
10．7．1foreach 和for 的关系............................................................................................................................................................................130
10．8 循环控制..................................................................................................................................................................................130
10．8．1 last 操作................................................................................................................................................................................................131
10．8．2 next 操作..............................................................................................................................................................................................131
10．8．3 redo 操作..............................................................................................................................................................................................132
10．8．4 标签块..................................................................................................................................................................................................133
10．9 逻辑操作符..............................................................................................................................................................................134
10．9．1 短路操作的值......................................................................................................................................................................................135
10．9．2 三元操作符?: .....................................................................................................................................................................................135
10．9．3 控制结构：使用部分求值的操作符...................................................................................................................................................136
10．10 练习........................................................................................................................................................................................138
第十一章文件检验................................................................................................................................................................................139
11．1 文件检测操作...........................................................................................................................................................................139
11．2 stat 和lstat 函数.......................................................................................................................................................................142
11．3 localtime 函数...........................................................................................................................................................................143
11．4 位操作....................................................................................................................................................................................... 144
11．4．1 使用位串..............................................................................................................................................................................................145
11．5 使用特殊的下划线文件句柄...................................................................................................................................................145
11．6 练习..........................................................................................................................................................................................146
第十二章目录操作................................................................................................................................................................................147
12．1 在目录树上移动...................................................................................................................................................................... 147
12．2 Globbing...................................................................................................................................................................................147
12．3 Globbing 的替换语法..............................................................................................................................................................148
12．4 目录句柄..................................................................................................................................................................................149
12．5 递归的目录列表...................................................................................................................................................................... 151
12．6 操作文件和目录...................................................................................................................................................................... 151
12．7 删除文件..................................................................................................................................................................................151
12．8 重命名文件..............................................................................................................................................................................152
12．9 连接和文件..............................................................................................................................................................................153
12．10 创建和删除目录.................................................................................................................................................................... 157
12．11 修改权限.................................................................................................................................................................................159
12．12 改变所有者............................................................................................................................................................................ 159
12．13 改变时间戳............................................................................................................................................................................ 159
12．14 练习........................................................................................................................................................................................160
第十三章字符串和排序........................................................................................................................................................................ 161
Perl 语言入门(第四版)
[email]blei@163.com[/email] 7 / 201 9/21/2006
13．1 使用索引寻找子串.................................................................................................................................................................. 161
13．2 使用substr操作子串............................................................................................................................................................... 162
13．3 使用sprintf 格式化数据..........................................................................................................................................................163
13．3．1 在“货币数字”中使用sprintf ...........................................................................................................................................................164
13．4 高级排序..................................................................................................................................................................................165
13．4．1 依据值对Hash 进行排序....................................................................................................................................................................168
13．4．2 对多个keys 排序.................................................................................................................................................................................168
13．5 练习..........................................................................................................................................................................................169
第十四章进程管理................................................................................................................................................................................171
14．1 系统函数..................................................................................................................................................................................171
14．1．1 避免Shell.............................................................................................................................................................................................172
14．2exec 函数...................................................................................................................................................................................174
14．3 环境变量..................................................................................................................................................................................174
14．4 使用反引号捕捉输出..............................................................................................................................................................175
14．4．1 在List context 中使用反引号..............................................................................................................................................................177
14．5 像文件句柄那样处理..............................................................................................................................................................178
14．6 使用fork...................................................................................................................................................................................179
14．7 发送和接收信号...................................................................................................................................................................... 180
14．8 练习..........................................................................................................................................................................................182
第十五章PERL 模块...............................................................................................................................................................................183
15．1 查找模块..................................................................................................................................................................................183
15．2 安装模块..................................................................................................................................................................................183
15．3 使用简单的模块...................................................................................................................................................................... 184
15．3．1． File::Basename 模块........................................................................................................................................................................185
15．3．2．仅使用模块中的一些函数................................................................................................................................................................186
15．3．3．File::Spec 模块..................................................................................................................................................................................187
15．3．4．CGI.pm ..............................................................................................................................................................................................188
15．3．5.数据库和DBI ......................................................................................................................................................................................189
15．4 练习..........................................................................................................................................................................................190
第十六章一些高级的PERL 技术..........................................................................................................................................................191
16．1 利用eval 捕获错误.................................................................................................................................................................. 191
16．2 使用grep 在列表得到元素.....................................................................................................................................................193
16．3 使用map 对列表项进行变换..................................................................................................................................................194
16．4 不用双引号的hash keys ..........................................................................................................................................................195
16．5Slices..........................................................................................................................................................................................195
16．5．1 Array Slice............................................................................................................................................................................................197
16．5．2Hash Slice..............................................................................................................................................................................................198
16．6 练习..........................................................................................................................................................................................200
练习题答案............................................................................................................................................................................................. 201